A comparison between Heinz Kohut and Carl Rogers illuminates the contributions of the former to modern psychology, according to Edwin Kahn in an article published in the August 1985 edition of American Psychologist. Whereas the theories of Carl Rogers can be found in any introductory psychology textbook, Edwin notes that Kohut is rarely mentioned except perhaps on the pages of a specialized book on personality theory. Therefore, Kahn's article offers a "timely comparison" between the seminal humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers and the groundbreaking modern psychoanalyst Heinz Kohut.

             Kohut successfully integrated Rogers' humanistic theories into traditional psychoanalysis, creating a unique brand of therapy and unique theories of the self and the therapeutic model. The result "provided a bridge between psychoanalysis and humanistic psychology," according to Kahn. Studying the similarities and differences between the two theorists can offer psychologists constructive new ways to integrate psychoanalysis and humanistic psychology, especially through the creation of the psychotherapeutic ambiance.

             The core similarities outweigh the differences between Kohut and Rogers. Both Kohut and Rogers were preeminently concerned with the subjective experiences of the individual. Introspection plays a major role in the therapeutic model of both Kohut and Rogers, and both downplayed the primacy of pure objective analysis or strict behaviorism. Moreover, both proposed that unconditional positive regard and empathy were keys to therapy and to developing an optimal psychotherapeutic ambiance. The therapeutic relationship should absolutely be built on an atmosphere of respect, a safe environment for the client to explore his or her inner world.

             A second fundamental similarity between Kohut and Rogers is their emphasis on the concept of self. Although Rogers and Kohut defined the self differently, both psychologists promoted a belief in free will, personal choice, self-enhancement, and self-esteem.