Cognitive dissonance would also be caused, when one is making internal attributions about you. (Theory) .

             Sometimes, one tries to make sense of certain things in the world by attributing 'constructs' to them, and these can be defined as the basic perceptual categories that one uses when evaluating and assessing things around us. Those people who have varied and wide constructs display a greater flexibility in understanding the world as such, and they are cognitively complex, as opposed to those people who have a narrow construct, who are termed cognitively simple. The former group of people is comparatively better at accepting and interpreting complex messages. For example, they may perceive a fat person as being someone with a medical problem, while the latter may feel that fat people are lazy and inconsistent. In a working environment, as well as a personal one, one must help cognitively complex people build more constructs so that they would work better, and with better understanding than others, in the organization. (Constructivism) .

             In a similar manner, there may be individuals who may find symbolic meanings within a certain situation, and thereafter act within the situation, based on the interpretation of the symbols. Relationships are also formed around these symbols, and as a matter of fact, it is often stated that the basic goals of one's interaction with each other is to be able to create shared meaning with each other. Some examples of symbolic interaction are the development of self concepts based on interaction with others, the working out of the various loopholes and intricacies of the existing social systems of today, based on symbolic interactions. (Symbolic Interaction Theory) .

             According to yet another theory of meaning and understanding, when a group of diverse people wishes to communicate with each other, then there must be present a system of common understanding between them, and most particularly, they must have a knowledge of the concepts and ideas that may be 'outside' of the common understanding of the particular group.