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Title Word Count
What is Courtly Love? 786
Courtly love is usually defined solely in terms of the image of a noble knight pining for a woman he cannot have, because she is married or betrothed to another. Later writers such as Dante, Cervantes, and Milton often viewed this construct of courtly love as absurd or funny. Dante in particular saw courtly love as an inferior reflection of the love a man was supposed to feel for God. In the Italian poet"s own affection for Beatrice, a woman he fell in love from afar, he felt that his love for this woman acts was a kind of conduit to higher spiritual truth and feelings for the divine. Likewise, courtly love"s use of an earthly woman was the parallel for an mediating holy figure such as Mary who acted as an intermediary between God and humanity-for Cervantes, it did not matter what the woman was 'really" like (Dulcinea is actually a barmaid in "Don Quixote") only that the knight felt love for something on earth to lead him to do noble deeds. One author described courtly love as "derived from the sight of and excessive meditation upon the beauty of the opposite sex, which causes each one to wish above all things the embraces of the other and by
Wastelands of the Modern Past and Present 757
The wasteland of myth is a place where people have been mislead, where they dwell in a terrible half-existence, living a lie. Perhaps the most familiar modern expressions of the word 'wasteland" are those of T.S. Eliot"s poem about "The Wasteland" and the idea of a modern, suburban 'teenage wasteland." When people speak about a teenage wasteland, they usually are referring to a group of disenchanted youths who have given up on their parent"s values but cannot construct their own, new set of values. When people speak of the "Wasteland" poem of Eliot, written during the early half of the 20th century, they are referring to Eliot"s vision of modern life as a series of broken visions of past phrases, verses, and schemas of believe that no longer have a coherent form or provide moral guidance for people living today. Thus, the modern wasteland can take the form of the highly personal, such as the bored teen looking for salvation in the mall, or in a poetic vision of a world that is broken by war, and has lost its collective God. Ironically, both of these ideas can be seen in the Greek m
The Theories of Music of Jerrold Levinson 1741
Jerrold Levinson is a modern philosopher whose work looks at depth into the philosophy of music. Through various works, Levinson has considered what music is, how it is created and experienced, how music delivers meaning, and what purpose music serves. Levinson"s theories of music will now be considered by focusing on some of the key questions about music that his works have addressed. A consideration of Levinson"s theories of music starts with the basic question of what music is. Levinson addresses this issue in his essay "What a Musical Work Is." In this work he defines music as "indicated sound/ performance-means structures" (Levinson 1980, p. 7). This definition combines the two parts that make up music. The first is the actual notes and structure of the music. The second is how and when the music is performed. This takes into account that the piece of music is just one element impacting what it means. The other element is related to how it is perfo
Flannery O'Connor's "Greenleaf" 1118
In Flannery O'Connor's "Greenleaf," the unpleasant Mrs. May awakens to find a bull chewing on her shrubbery. She considers getting dressed and driving to her handyman Mr. Greenleaf's house in the middle of the night to tell him to tie up the bull, but rejects this idea because she believes Mr. Greenleaf would use the experience as a chance to belittle her sons and glorify his own. Mrs. May detests the entire Greenleaf family, from Mr. Greenleaf who has no common sense, to Mrs. Greenleaf, who spends her days on "prayer healing," to the Greenleaf boys who have married and started a farm of their own while her sons remain unwed and living at home. As she investigates throughout the day, she learns that the escaped bull belongs to the Greenleaf boys. She maliciously tells Mr. Greenleaf he is to shoot his sons' bull. Mr. Greenleaf reluctantly appears to comply, but instead chases the bull into a wooded area. Mrs. May angrily honks her horn, and the bull reappears, charges her, and buries "
The Poetry of William Butler Yeats 1724
William Butler Yeats used his poetry as a vehicle to bring about change. He was hoping that through brutal honesty and fair speculation, he could stir the hearts of the Irish people into seeking change and a better life. His poems "Easter 1916" and "The Second Coming" offer interesting perspectives in this regard. These poems are critical and constructive at the same time. While Yeats finds fault with the Irish for where they are, he also expresses hope that it is not too late for them to bring about change and makes their lives better. He encourages the Irish to be progressive and proactive because change begins within them. He also admonishes them for being complacent, which has actually lead them to the uncomfortable place they are now. He proves that it is dangerous to be docile and far better to be active. While his poem may appear to bleak to some, they are actually hopeful in that the poet does believe that the Irish can turns things around for themse
Hinduism Mythology 1916
In general, mythology is defined as the collective stories that belong to a specific culture and embody all the religious beliefs and values. In Hinduism, the myths truly depict the spiritual essence of this tradition that traces its roots to the Indus Valley as far back as 4000 BCE. In fact, even today Hinduism mythology continues to be an integral part of this ever-changing global culture and remains as important as the Bible or the Koran. Indian civilization, Hinduism in particular, is based on a broad enough philosophical foundation to encompass individuals of all faiths and beliefs. The early historian Williams in Brahmanism and Hinduism (455) emphasized that the interest in Hinduism lies in its ability to be continually adaptable to the continual diversity of human character. Philosophers appreciate the religion"s spiritual and abstract aspects. The poets enjoy its aesthetic and ceremonial offerings. Individuals who relish seclusion, laud its contemplative and peaceful aspects
talents of Johann Wolfgang Von Goethe 1805
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749- 1832) is widely regarded as one of the greatest visionaries and creative geniuses that the world has ever produced. A man of multiple talents, Goethe was a poet, critic, painter, scientist, statesman, philosopher, and theatre-manager (Willoughby, p. 9). However, Goethe"s versatility of talent has not always been recognized. For, Goethe"s unconventional approach to the subjects he was interested in, has, at times, been beyond the comprehension of many a scholarly and ordinary mind. As a result, Goethe has always been better known for the literary genius that he displayed in his novels, essays, poems, and plays. This perception of Goethe, in fact, has changed only recently with contemporary scholars in science, human behavior, philosophy, and literature acknowledging Goethe"s visionary view of the universe and human nature. Thus, Goethe was a creative thinker who was far ahead of his times. It is said that a more complete understanding of any lite
Schools of the future 2267
Introduction Schools in the 21st century are very different from the one-room schoolhouses that once dotted the American landscape. Today a single school can house thousands of students at various grade levels and many schools integrate the latest technologies into their curriculum's. With this being understood, it will be interesting to see how school curriculum will change in the future. The purpose of this discussion is to examine how schools will change in the future as it pertains to technology. The discussion will also focus on the introduction of schools as social anchors, that are both moral and purposeful. Schools of the future Virtual Schools Indeed technology will continue to play a large role in schools of the future. Educators will continue to incorporate technology into the curriculum. According to Caldwell and Hayward (1998) §schooling at the upper secondary level will become more complex and diverse, with multiple providers; combined with advances ma
Online Lawn Care Company 1928
This paper presents a marketing plan for an online lawn care company. The writer provides information about products, services and other objectives of the company. It performs a swot analysis as well and provides target markets and other important features that are needed to launch and maintain a successful business.
Women Repression and Empowerment in Chopin and Hemingway's Writings 934
Nineteenth century literature gave birth to a preponderance of works that centered on themes about women and their subjugation and struggle for power in the rigidly conservative society. Through literature, writers, men and women alike, pushed forth the program of inflicting change, as the 20th century began to emerge, through the social movement of women aspiring and achieving equal rights with men. This was the social environment that Kate Chopin and Ernest Hemingway had been exposed to when they created their works "The Story of an Hour" and "Cat in the Rain," respectively. Both works had women as its protagonists, and implicit each story was the apparent repression and desire for freedom and power of the woman characters, the American wife and Louise Mallard. Though each woman had been put in different scenarios and social roles in life, both were characteristically repressed by their husbands. The American wife sought to attain power over her husband t
Behind Traditions and Rituals in "The Lottery" 1066
Shirley Jackson"s "The Lottery" is a frightening story to read. The setting seems very familiar to the average reader: Hometown America on a clear Summer day. However, the traditions followed by this small town contrast greatly with the setting in which they are taking place. The Lottery in question in this story is not one to win money or another prize, but rather it is a system by which a human sacrifice is chosen in each village. The purpose of the sacrifice, unlike those performed in Ancient cultures, is not clear in the story, and in fact it is not clear to the characters either. The Lottery is a tradition left over from many years ago, and although the original purpose has been forgotten, the ritual remains an annual event. Jackson uses the setting, symbols, and group mindset to present The Lottery as an allegory for our own society. "The Lottery" begins with a description of the warm summer day, beautiful flowers, and an introduction to the square.
"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" 711
Robert Frost is considered to be one of the greatest American poets. Perhaps the reason for his widespread appeal is that his poems have a simplistic and easy-going facade. However, upon deeper exploration, Frost"s work is revealed as having multiple layers of meaning. "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening" paints a calm, serene picture that may seem extremely simple and straightforward at first glance. ""Stopping by Woods" provides a doorway into an understanding of the poet's great popularity with 'ordinary" readers." (Kilcup) However, there is a sort of hidden meaning in this poem that is infused with intense emotion. The imagery of the setting and symbolism of the poem are two of Frost"s literary techniques used in this poem to give it deeper meaning regarding life and society. Frost presents a dark and mysterious setting for this poem. A dark, cold, snowy night in the middle of nowhere seems like it might be the setting for a tale of horror. However, Frost"s language clearly shows the reader that this i
Daniel Defoe's Roxana or "The Fortunate Mistress" 1334
Daniel Defoe"s Roxana, or the Fortunate Mistress is an analysis of beauty on many different levels. Most importantly, it is a look at how closely a real woman can compare to an ideal. Throughout much of Western History, notions of beauty have been intimately connected with a whole series of particular characteristics. These qualities transcend the merely physical. A Greek statue is a beautiful work of art – it is flawlessly executed, has perfect proportions, and – in the case of the true Classical masterpiece – stands entirely alone; a self-contained image of virtue captured and immobilized. The viewer reacts to not only the physical perfection of the work of art, but even more powerfully, to the inner emotions that the work inspires. Curiously enough, these inner feelings are, in a way, not emotional at all. The Greek ideal of beauty is entirely rational, even mechanical. One understands the proportions of the ideal, and then seeks to reproduce them in a subs
Measuring Entrepreneurship 3474
(1) What is success and how do they measure success Definition of success is the very initial step to achieving it and success is what everyone gets throughout the whole day. It is about satisfying one"s potential and achieving one"s dream. (How do you Define Success) A strong inclination continues to be present, especially among the professionals managing enterprise development to measure entrepreneurship through some techniques. These measurement efforts can vary from plain checklists going up to intricate and exhaustive computer programs. (Defining Entrepreneurship) Achievements in business can be equivocal. You might flag off with the most excellent of intent in mind, recognize objectives, fix targets, build plans and implement them. At times you pull off the preferred result, however on other occasions deficiencies do happen without in fact knowing the cause. The feedback gives the measurement, which is vital for reviewing the advancement and making the enhancements, as als
The Chronicles of Narnia by C.S. Lewis 1548
The purpose of this paper is to introduce, discuss, and analyze the book The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis. Specifically it will discuss the novel as a book rooted in the New Testament as well as being a product of Lewis' personal interpretation of spiritual truth. Even author C.S. Lewis acknowledged he wrote his "Narnia" series as a way to teach children quite painlessly about Christianity and the scriptures. One critic notes that the first three books in the chronicles, deal with a certain aspect of Christianity and spirituality. He writes, The first three-- The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe, Prince Caspian, and The Voyage of the Dawn Trader -deal with the role of Joy in sanctification and the achievement of a balanced way of life" (Myers xiii). Thus, the teachings of the New Testament are rooted in this work, as is Lewis' own personal interpretation of spiritualism and the spiritual truth of the Gospel. Some critics might call the book a simple tale of good versus evil, but it is much more than that, and that is just what author C.S. Lewis wanted. He wanted to create a whimsical land for children to explore their own ideas about faith and spirituality, gently guiding them along the way.
U.S. Articles Concerning Attacks in Iraq 1380
The top story for May 1 2005 in the New York Times concerning Iraq was titled, "Iraq Insurgents Continue Wave of Attacks." The Chicago Tribune had no top stories on Iraq for this date and the Washington Post"s only story on Iraq concerned Iraq"s power grid problem. The LA Times" top story is titled "Iraq to Purge Corrupt Officers." Therefore the two domestic stories concerning Iraq come from the New York Times and the LA Times. The two foreign stories discussed were links found on the Iraq Daily web site. One is from The Independent Bangladesh and the other is from Dawn, a Pakistan English newspaper. The New York Times article is an Associated Press report concerning the Sunday attacks in Iraq. It reports that insurgents" attacks are continuing for the third straight day and have included ambushes, car bombs, and drive-by shooting, bringing the death toll since Friday to "at least 79," including six American soldiers (Iraq pp). The article su
How to Motivate the Employees 1087
1. (a) The Basic Motivation Model interconnects both causal concepts and the intrinsic relationship between them. Every employee within the company will have a well-defined set of internal needs, motives and objectives. These were probably in place by the time he applied for the position within the company, but it is also likely that he will have acquired several more within the company, as soon as he realized how things worked. The internal needs and objectives of the employee give way to a certain type of behavior or a set of actions that characterize the respective individual within the company, may it be related to his performances or to his social actions and his relationship with fellow colleagues. The actions he performs allows the employee to fulfill goals which bring him the satisfaction related to the workplace. This means that his actions need to be stimulated in such a way that he will be provided with satisfactory incentives bringing him close to the original objecti
Significance of Meech Lake Accords 3001
In order to properly examine the Meech Lake Accords and their significance, we must look first at why the Accords were necessary and what led up to them. Until 1982, Canada had been governed by the British North America Act, passed by the British Parliament in 1867. This act provided for the unification of the Canadian provinces into the Dominion of Canada, and set out the powers of the provincial legislatures. All powers not designated to the provinces were given to the Dominion. Later interpretations by the British Privy Council extended property rights in the provinces and developed the doctrine of emergency powers to aid the Dominion in time of war. Ever since the Statute of Westminster 1931, the British government had been willing to give up control of Canada, but Canadian federal and provincial governments were unable to agree on a new formula to allow amendments. Various unsuccessful attempts were made to change the constitution, including the Victoria Charter of 1971.
"The Tempest" 816
In the opening of "The Tempest" Act 2 and Scene 2, Caliban reveals many punishments and torments that follow him. He says that Prospero's spirit is near him – "His spirits hear me – " (Shakespeare 77, 3). He says the spirits are like monkeys "Sometimes like apes, they now and chatter at me And after bite me;" (Shakespeare 77, 9-10). He also says they are like hedgehogs who poke him with their sharp spines. "then like hedgehogs, which Lie tumbling in my barefoot way and mount Their pricks at my footfall" (Shakespeare 77, 10-12). He goes on to say that snakes wind around him. "Sometimes am I All wound with adders, who with cloven tongues Do hiss me into madness" (Shakespeare 77, 12-14). So, Caliban is tormented by a variety of things, from apes to adders, and he feels this is punishment by Prospero's spirits who follow him to make him miserable. Not only do these torments make him fearful and distrustful, they also clearly indicate his "place" in society. He carries
The Chieftains: The Four-decade-old Troupe of Exceptional Performers 4463
While many people credit Riverdance,1 the step-dancing extravaganza that has been crisscrossing the globe for most of a decade and still remains popular, it was not that production, beguiling as it is, that is logically credited with the popular mania for Irish music. That accolade would more properly go to The Chieftains, a four-decade-old troupe of exceptional performers and musicians whose internationally feted harper, Derek Bell, was the first of the group to pass away, on October 17, 2002. Although the entire group is composed of accomplished musicians, only Bell had been a bona fide child prodigy, composing his first major work before the age of ten. Like the historical Turlough O"Carolan, the Blind Harper, Bell was slated as a youth to go blind, impelling his parents to surround him with musical instruments (The Chieftains Web site). He did not, in fact, go blind, but he had found his calling. Riverdance gives a visual as well as aural glimpse of what it means to be Iri
Living in a World Without Bacteria 849
Many people believe that bacteria only cause disease and death. This is not technically true. While we have all suffered from some kind of an infection which we are told is caused some noxious form of bacteria, this is just a small part of what bacteria contribute to out lives. First, it would be well to add a bit of science to be clear about what bacteria are. Defined most correctly, bacteria are a large group of one-celled microorganisms widely distributed in nature. Search any microbiological text book and you will see that there are thousands of different types of bacteria in the world, everywhere around us, although only about two thousand species of bacteria have actually been identified. On the most part, bacteria simply share the world with us and are of no specific harm to any human being. They are remarkable organisms for their simplicity of form, their efficiency of life and their rapid ability to reproduce. It has been said that it is possible for some species of ba
Edgar Allan Poe "The Raven" 759
Poe"s famous poem, "The Raven," to most readers is a straightforward yet haunting, chilling tale of the loss of someone loved, and the troubling emotions and inner sensations that go along with a loss, no matter how the loss occurred. In this case, the "rare and radiant maiden whom the angels named Lenore..." is the one lost. Why did an angel name Lenore, one has to wonder? Is there something associated with death or the afterlife in this image? In fact Poe builds up the beauty of "lost Lenore" in sharp contrast to him saying that it was a "bleak December," and "each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor" and adds that when he awoke from his nap, and looked out his chamber door, there was only darkness "and nothing more." So the poet is giving a narrator"s identity as a person who hears a tapping first, then sees nothing but darkness, and hears an eerie echo of his own voice saying "Lenore!" The reader knows that the narrator is kind of weird, when a raven, a symbol of a scavenger and death makes him happy ("this ebony bird begu
Gender Differences Examined 621
Birthday Cards Go to any card shop and take a look at the birthday cards. Birthday cards display numerous messages about society"s attitudes toward gender, age, mental status and more. Most of the birthday cards available in a typical Hallmark store, the store examined, display what might be considered gender 'norms". For example, girl"s birthday cards are mostly offered in pink, showing pictures of flowers or bunnies or other soft items. Male birthday cards often depict pictures of sporting items, blue colors, or even women. The cards available suggest that differences exist between what men and women like, and emphasize that these 'norms" have become social institutions. The messages provided in cards suggest that women want to hear flowery messages of love and caring, whereas men would rather here a good joke or look at a picture of a member of the opposite sex. Inequality isn"t necessarily evi
Convictions of Benjamin Banneker 1246
Benjamin Banneker, a free, educated African American, was a man of letters, a man of science, and a man of convictions. It is therefore not surprising-at least in contemporary thought and practice-that such a man would write a letter to Thomas Jefferson who was, at the time, Secretary of State. The date of the letter was August 19, 1791, and coincided with the completion of Banneker"s annual almanac, at that time on its way to the printer for pre-1792 release. What is was specifically, however, that impelled Banneker to write at that moment can only be guessed at: that there was an external impetus, as well as Banneker"s status as a free African American cognizant of the suffering of his people, can be inferred from the early part of his letter. Banneker writes: I hope I may safely admit, in consequence of that report which hath reached me, that you are a man far less inflexible in sentiment of this nature, than many others; that you are measurably friendly, and well disposed to
The U.S. Congress Deregulation of Telecommunications 492
According to the Adam Smith, invisible-hand of the marketplace ideal, should Congress completely let competition determine pricing in the telecommunications industry, rates would decrease, as more servers would proliferate. However, this is not necessarily the case. The Telecommunications Act of 1996 brought an end to local telephone companies" franchised monopolies and replaced these protective policies with the requirement that state regulatory commissions to admit new entrants into local telephone services. But within the act, there were still regulatory prohibitions to ensure competition that encouraged the states to take over some of the regulatory roles of the federal government, and other laws that attempted to force th
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